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Comparison of these three main classification schemes

Comparison of three main classifications of ecosystem services (only those services supplied by forest ecosystems are shown).

MA TEEB CICES
PROVISIONING
Industrial wood Raw materials Materials / Biomass, fibre
Fuelwood Energy / Biomass-based energy
Non-wood forest products Food / Raw materials Nutrition / Biomass
Materials / Biomass, fibre
Fresh water (water purification) (also Regulation service) Water supply Materials / Water
Nutrition / Water
Genetic resources Genetic resources Materials / Biomass, fibre (genetic resources)
REGULATION REGULATING REGULATION AND MAINTENANCE
Pest regulation.
Disease regulation		 Biological control Maintenance of physical, chemical, biological conditions / Pest and disease control
Health protection
Water regulation Regulation of water flows Mediation of flows / Liquid flows
Disturbance prevention or moderation Mediation of flows / Air flows (storms)
Water purification and waste treatment Waste treatment (water purification) Maintenance of physical, chemical, biological conditions / Water conditions
Air quality regulation Air purification Maintenance of physical, chemical, biological conditions / Atmospheric composition and climate regulation
Climate regulation (incl. C sequestration) Climate regulation (incl. C sequestration) Maintenance of physical, chemical, biological conditions / Atmospheric composition and climate regulation
Soil protection (erosion regulation) Erosion prevention Mediation of flows / Mass flow
Soil formation (supporting service) Maintaining soil fertility Maintenance of physical, chemical, biological conditions / Soil formation and composition
Pollination Pollination Maintenance of physical, chemical, biological conditions / Lifecycle maintenance, habitat and gene pool protection
HABITAT
Biodiversity repository Maintenance of genetic diversity (especially in gene pool protection) Maintenance of physical, chemical, biological conditions / Lifecycle maintenance, habitat and gene pool protection
Lifecycle maintenance
CULTURAL CULTURAL & AMENITY CULTURAL
Spiritual Spiritual experience Spiritual, symbolic and other interactions with ecosystems and landscapes / Spiritual and/or emblematic
Cultural Inspiration for culture, art & design Physical and intellectual interactions with ecosystems and landscapes / Intellectual and representative interactions
Historical    
Ecotourism Recreation & Tourism Physical and intellectual interactions with ecosystems and landscapes / Physical and experiential interactions
Recreation
Sports: fishing/hunting    
Aesthetic values Aesthetic information Spiritual, symbolic and other interactions with ecosystems and landscapes / Other cultural outputs
Knowledge systems & Education Information for cognitive development Physical and intellectual interactions with ecosystems and landscapes / Intellectual and representative interactions
SUPPORTING (in MA services necessary for the production of all other ES)    
Nutrient cycling    
Primary production    

For more details about ESS and FES classification see the FOREST EUROPE Final Report on Valuation of Forest Ecosystem Services (2014). From the original classification of ESS from MA, TEEB and CICES a comparison including only FES is shown in the Table . A first look to the comparison of the three classifications suggests that there are important commonalities between them. The main categories of provision, regulation (and maintenance) and cultural (and amenity) are comparable and in many cases the subcategories are also coincident. It is noticeable that CICES is an extendable classification and that a further level of disaggregation (class) is not shown in the Table for the sake of readability. It is worth mention that the last column of this table (FES in CICES) is in line with results of the MAES Forest Ecosystem Services Pilot MAES 2014 that provided an agreed classification of FES derived from CICES up to class level to be used at pan-European level.

References